History of Mont Saint Michel | Geography, Facts and More

In the distant past, Mont Saint-Michel stood on dry land, a stark contrast to its current status as a tidal island. As the sea levels gradually rose, relentless erosion sculpted the coastal landscape and revealed sturdy granite outcrops, including Mont Dol, Tombelaine, and Mont Tombe. These granite formations, more resilient to the ocean's forces than their surroundings, set the stage for the eventual rise of Mont Saint-Michel as a prominent landmark.

In 708 AD, the visionary Bishop of Avranches, Saint-Aubert, experienced profound encounters with the archangel St. Michael, culminating in a final vision. This divine inspiration led him to establish Mont Tombe, the precursor to Mont Saint-Michel. With unwavering faith, he embarked on the construction of an oratory dedicated to the archangel and, in a symbolic gesture, procured precious relics associated with St. Michael. This marked the inception of Mont Saint-Michel's spiritual significance.

By 966 AD, the Abbey of Mont Saint-Michel had evolved into a renowned center of pilgrimage, prayer, and devotion. Its spiritual magnetism was further amplified by the presence of Benedictine monks who resided there. The abbey's treasures extended beyond religious relics, encompassing a collection of Aristotle's influential texts, contributing to its prominence as a hub for intellectual and spiritual enrichment.

Positioned strategically on a tidal island, Mont Saint-Michel became more than a place of worship. It was transformed into a formidable fortress, featuring defensive fortifications that evolved over the centuries. Its location attracted both pilgrims and military strategists. Notably, during the reign of King Louis XI, the abbey's role transitioned to that of a prison, housing inmates until 1860. This historical shift reflected the island's multifaceted history.

A turning point in the history of Mont Saint-Michel occurred in 1922 when restoration initiatives were initiated. By 1966, pilgrimages to the sacred site were once again in full swing, with the French government taking on a pivotal role in overseeing improvements. The restoration efforts not only revitalized the abbey but also rekindled the site's spiritual significance, drawing both religious and secular visitors.

Today, Mont Saint-Michel faces the challenge of accommodating approximately 3.5 million visitors annually. The island and abbey, recognized as a national monument since 1862, received the esteemed UNESCO World Heritage status in 1979. In response to escalating visitor numbers, ongoing preservation efforts aim to safeguard this iconic site, ensuring its cultural, historical, and natural significance endures for future generations.

Mont-Saint-Michel Abbey is among France's most stunning sights. For centuries, it had been Europe's major pilgrimage destination and today this holy island is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Step away from the crowd to witness a small, quaint chapel located halfway up the abbey for a divine experience.

If you're looking to explore more hidden and quieter places to visit, La Chapelle-Saint-Aubert is just the place for you. Low tides are the best time to visit with your family.

Instantly transport yourself to live in a french fairytale town as you visit the stunning streets of La Grande Rue.

Enjoy the view or have a fun picnic at Mont Saint Michel by visiting Barrage sur le Couesnon, a short stretch dam made of concrete and metal.

Take a moment to appreciate the simple yet beautiful built brick gateways as you make your way to Mont Saint Michel.